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工作队列模式

一、生产者代码

新建一个module，在module下创建属于自己的包，并且创建一个名为“work”的子包，以及工具类包“util”。结构如图所示：

在pom文件中添加图中所示依赖：

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId><artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId><version>5.20.0</version></dependency></dependencies>

此时准备工作基本完成。

1、封装工具类

修改rabbitMQ地址，替换为自己的。

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.util;import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;/*** @ClassName: ConnectionUtil* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.util* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class ConnectionUtil {public static final String HOST_ADDRESS = "192.168.xxx.xxx";public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {// 定义连接工厂ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();// 设置服务地址factory.setHost(HOST_ADDRESS);// 端口factory.setPort(5672);//设置账号信息，用户名、密码、vhostfactory.setVirtualHost("/");factory.setUsername("guest");factory.setPassword("123456");// 通过工程获取连接Connection connection = factory.newConnection();return connection;}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection con = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();// amqp://guest@192.168.xxx.xxx:5672/System.out.println(con);con.close();}}

2、编写代码

新建生产者类Producer：

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.work;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;/*** @ClassName: Producer* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.work* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Producer {public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "work_queue";public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,true,false,false,null);for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {String body = i+"hello rabbitmq~~~";channel.basicPublish("",QUEUE_NAME,null,body.getBytes());}channel.close();connection.close();}
}

3、发送消息效果

二、消费者代码

1、编写代码

创建Consumer1和Consumer2。Consumer2只是类名和打印提示不同，代码完全一样。
Consumer1:

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.work;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;import java.io.IOException;/*** @ClassName: Consumer1* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.work* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Consumer1 {static final String QUEUE_NAME = "work_queue";public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,true,false,false,null);Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("Consumer1 body："+new String(body));}};channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME,true,consumer);}
}

Consumer2:

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.work;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;import java.io.IOException;/*** @ClassName: Consumer2* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.work* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Consumer2 {static final String QUEUE_NAME = "work_queue";public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,true,false,false,null);Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("Consumer2 body："+new String(body));}};channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME,true,consumer);}
}

** 注意:**
运行的时候先启动两个消费端程序，然后再启动生产者端程序。
如果已经运行过生产者程序，则手动把work_queue队列删掉。

2、运行效果

最终两个消费端程序竞争结果如下：


这样就完成了工作队列模式的演示。

发布订阅模式

一、生产者代码

还是在上面的module内，新建一个名为fanout的子包，在包内创建Producer类：

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.fanout;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;/*** @ClassName: Producer* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.fanout* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Producer {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {// 1、获取连接Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();// 2、创建频道Channel channel = connection.createChannel();// 参数1. exchange：交换机名称// 参数2. type：交换机类型//     DIRECT("direct")：定向//     FANOUT("fanout")：扇形（广播），发送消息到每一个与之绑定队列。//     TOPIC("topic")：通配符的方式//     HEADERS("headers")：参数匹配// 参数3. durable：是否持久化// 参数4. autoDelete：自动删除// 参数5. internal：内部使用。一般false// 参数6. arguments：其它参数String exchangeName = "test_fanout";// 3、创建交换机channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, BuiltinExchangeType.FANOUT,true,false,false,null);// 4、创建队列String queue1Name = "test_fanout_queue1";String queue2Name = "test_fanout_queue2";channel.queueDeclare(queue1Name,true,false,false,null);channel.queueDeclare(queue2Name,true,false,false,null);// 5、绑定队列和交换机// 参数1. queue：队列名称// 参数2. exchange：交换机名称// 参数3. routingKey：路由键，绑定规则//     如果交换机的类型为fanout，routingKey设置为""channel.queueBind(queue1Name,exchangeName,"");channel.queueBind(queue2Name,exchangeName,"");String body = "日志信息：张三调用了findAll方法...日志级别：info...";// 6、发送消息channel.basicPublish(exchangeName,"",null,body.getBytes());// 7、释放资源channel.close();connection.close();}
}

二、消费者代码

1、消费者1号

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.fanout;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;import java.io.IOException;/*** @ClassName: Consumer1* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.fanout* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Consumer1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();String queue1Name = "test_fanout_queue1";channel.queueDeclare(queue1Name,true,false,false,null);Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("body："+new String(body));System.out.println("队列 1 消费者 1 将日志信息打印到控制台.....");}};channel.basicConsume(queue1Name,true,consumer);}
}

2、消费者2号

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.fanout;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;import java.io.IOException;/*** @ClassName: Consumer2* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.fanout* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Consumer2 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();String queue2Name = "test_fanout_queue2";channel.queueDeclare(queue2Name,true,false,false,null);Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("body："+new String(body));System.out.println("队列 2 消费者 2 将日志信息打印到控制台.....");}};channel.basicConsume(queue2Name,true,consumer);}
}

三、运行效果

先启动消费者，然后再运行生产者程序发送消息：

四、小结

交换机和队列的绑定关系如下图所示：

交换机需要与队列进行绑定，绑定之后；一个消息可以被多个消费者都收到。
发布订阅模式与工作队列模式的区别：

• 工作队列模式本质上是绑定默认交换机
• 发布订阅模式绑定指定交换机
• 监听同一个队列的消费端程序彼此之间是竞争关系
• 绑定同一个交换机的多个队列在发布订阅模式下，消息是广播的，每个队列都能接收到消息

路由模式

一、生产者代码

新建子包routing，并新建Producer类：

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.routing;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;/*** @ClassName: Producer* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.routing* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Producer {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();String exchangeName = "test_direct";// 创建交换机channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT,true,false,false,null);// 创建队列String queue1Name = "test_direct_queue1";String queue2Name = "test_direct_queue2";// 声明（创建）队列channel.queueDeclare(queue1Name,true,false,false,null);channel.queueDeclare(queue2Name,true,false,false,null);// 队列绑定交换机// 队列1绑定errorchannel.queueBind(queue1Name,exchangeName,"error");// 队列2绑定info error warningchannel.queueBind(queue2Name,exchangeName,"info");channel.queueBind(queue2Name,exchangeName,"error");channel.queueBind(queue2Name,exchangeName,"warning");String message = "日志信息：张三调用了delete方法.错误了,日志级别error";// 发送消息channel.basicPublish(exchangeName,"error",null,message.getBytes());System.out.println(message);// 释放资源channel.close();connection.close();}
}

二、消费者代码

1、消费者1号

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.routing;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;import java.io.IOException;/*** @ClassName: Consumer1* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.routing* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Consumer1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();String queue1Name = "test_direct_queue1";channel.queueDeclare(queue1Name,true,false,false,null);Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("body："+new String(body));System.out.println("Consumer1 将日志信息打印到控制台.....");}};channel.basicConsume(queue1Name,true,consumer);}
}

2、消费者2号

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.routing;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;import java.io.IOException;/*** @ClassName: Consumer2* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.routing* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Consumer2 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();String queue2Name = "test_direct_queue2";channel.queueDeclare(queue2Name,true,false,false,null);Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("body："+new String(body));System.out.println("Consumer2 将日志信息存储到数据库.....");}};channel.basicConsume(queue2Name,true,consumer);}}

三、运行结果

1、绑定关系

2、消费消息

主题模式

一、生产者代码

新建子包topic，新建生产者类Producer：

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.topic;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.BuiltinExchangeType;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;/*** @ClassName: Producer* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.topic* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Producer {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();String exchangeName = "test_topic";channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, BuiltinExchangeType.TOPIC,true,false,false,null);String queue1Name = "test_topic_queue1";String queue2Name = "test_topic_queue2";channel.queueDeclare(queue1Name,true,false,false,null);channel.queueDeclare(queue2Name,true,false,false,null);// 绑定队列和交换机// 参数1. queue：队列名称// 参数2. exchange：交换机名称// 参数3. routingKey：路由键,绑定规则//      如果交换机的类型为fanout ,routingKey设置为""// routing key 常用格式：系统的名称.日志的级别。// 需求： 所有error级别的日志存入数据库,所有order系统的日志存入数据库channel.queueBind(queue1Name,exchangeName,"#.error");channel.queueBind(queue1Name,exchangeName,"order.*");channel.queueBind(queue2Name,exchangeName,"*.*");// 分别发送消息到队列：order.info、goods.info、goods.errorString body = "[所在系统：order][日志级别：info][日志内容：订单生成，保存成功]";channel.basicPublish(exchangeName,"order.info",null,body.getBytes());body = "[所在系统：goods][日志级别：info][日志内容：商品发布成功]";channel.basicPublish(exchangeName,"goods.info",null,body.getBytes());body = "[所在系统：goods][日志级别：error][日志内容：商品发布失败]";channel.basicPublish(exchangeName,"goods.error",null,body.getBytes());channel.close();connection.close();}
}

二、消费者代码

1、消费者1号

消费者1监听队列1：

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.topic;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;import java.io.IOException;/*** @ClassName: Consumer1* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.topic* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Consumer1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();String QUEUE_NAME = "test_topic_queue1";channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,true,false,false,null);Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("body："+new String(body));}};channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME,true,consumer);}
}

2、消费者2号

消费者2监听队列2：

package com.xxx.rabbitmq.topic;import com.xxx.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;import java.io.IOException;/*** @ClassName: Consumer2* @Package: com.xxx.rabbitmq.topic* @Author: * @CreateDate: * @Version: V1.0.0* @Description:*/public class Consumer2 {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();Channel channel = connection.createChannel();String QUEUE_NAME = "test_topic_queue2";channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,true,false,false,null);Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){@Overridepublic void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("body："+new String(body));}};channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME,true,consumer);}
}

三、运行效果

队列1：

队列2：

至此，就完成了RabbitMQ各模式的使用演示。

总结

在选择使用什么模式时，需要对应业务需求，结合需求选择合适的模式。