我们在登录Oracle数据库时可能会遇到ORA-01017错误，这里分析原因并提供解决办法。

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症状

图像工具的错误提示类似下图：

或者

oracle@yaoyuan ~$ sqlplus yao/yaoyuan2SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Mar 1 17:48:24 2023
Version 19.3.0.0.0Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied

分析

这种情况不是密码过期，如果是密码过期，会要求输入密码：

oracle@yaoyuan ~$ sqlplus yao/yaoyuanSQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Mar 1 17:47:54 2023
Version 19.3.0.0.0Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.ERROR:
ORA-28001: the password has expiredChanging password for yao
New password:
Retype new password:
Password changed

也不会是权限不够，如果是权限不够，会有下面的报错：

oracle@yaoyuan ~$ sqlplus yao/yaoyuanSQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Mar 1 17:46:02 2023
Version 19.3.0.0.0Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.ERROR:
ORA-01045: user YAO lacks CREATE SESSION privilege; logon denied

这种情况就是密码错误：

oracle@yaoyuan ~$ sqlplus yao/yaoyuan2SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Mar 1 17:48:24 2023
Version 19.3.0.0.0Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied

解决办法

如果知道密码输入正确的密码即可：

oracle@yaoyuan ~$ sqlplus yao/yaoyuanSQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Mar 1 18:06:06 2023
Version 19.3.0.0.0Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Last Successful login time: Wed Mar 01 2023 17:48:18 +08:00Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0SQL>

如果不知道密码可以使用sys用户将普通用户的密码重置：

SQL> alter user yao identified by yaoyuan;User altered.

然后再使用修改后的密码登录即可。

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